All about Handmade Soaps
What is soap?
Soap is basically a chemical combination of water, Lye (a corrosive alkaline substance that is commonly known as caustic soda) and fat oils. In more precise terms of Chemistry, soap is a salt of fatty acid. It results from Saponification that is a condition when a reaction among hydrogen, oxygen, sodium and fatty acid molecules take place. This reaction makes almost 25% glycerin and 75% soap.
What are handmade soaps?
As the name itself suggests, handmade soaps are the soaps made in homes. It can be a family business or business run by small sized companies; however the use is not confined to any specific segment of people. Such soaps can easily be made in kitchens, there is no need to have bigger factories for its production.
If we talk about the constituents of handmade soaps, they contain glycerin in rich amount which in general term is extracted from soaps available commercially. As we all know, glycerin is known to possess the ability to moisturize skin and make it softer, and silky. Handmade soaps can also be rich in natural and herbal elements like jojoba oil, shea butter, olive oil, coconut oil, sesame oil, palm oil, cocoa butter etc. It all depends on how it is made.
The process of making handmade soaps:
There are most commonly three main methods of making such soaps. Cold Process- it is the process where a reaction is made to take place at room temperature. Hot Process – in this process the reaction takes place at a near boiling temperature. Fully Boiled Process – In this process the reactants are completely boiled to recover glycerol.
What is most popular method of making handmade soap?
Although, it all depends on person to person as to what process they prefer to make handmade soap, yet in general terms, the most popular method can be said to be the cold process. The cold process involves the following steps:
Measuring: The first step of cold process involves measuring. All the required ingredients of the soap are measured accurately in the first step. It is genuinely an important step to soap making as it decides what kind of soap is going to be made. Once it is done, fats and lye mixed with water are melted in two separate containers. As they reach the desired temperature, contains of both the containers are mixed.
Stirring: It is yet another important step in cold process. The mixture of the container is stirred as long as it does not change into a tick viscous mixture. Now, all herbal elements are mixed.
Pouring: As the mixture becomes too tough to keep stirring, it is poured into a big container that is usually flat base container.
Cutting: The mixture is allowed to cool and for the process of Saponification for at least 48 hours. After that it is cut into slabs that can actually be different according to the need.
Packaging: After cutting, a bit of curing is done to the soap bars and then they are finally packed into wraps.
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